Estimation of the state of charge (SOC) yelithium bhatiri yakaoma nehunyanzvi, kunyanya mumaapplication ayo bhatiri risati rachajiwa zvizere kana kuburitswa.Zvishandiso zvakadaro imotokari dzemagetsi dzakasanganiswa (HEVs).Dambudziko rinobva kune yakanyanya flat voltage discharge maitiro emabhatiri e lithium.Iwo magetsi haatombo chinja kubva pa70% SOC kuenda pa20% SOC.Asi izvo, kusiyanisa kwevoltage nekuda kwekushanduka kwetembiricha kwakafanana nekusiyana kwevoltage nekuda kwekubuda, saka kana iyo SOC ichizotorwa kubva kumagetsi, tembiricha yesero inofanirwa kubhadharwa.
Rimwe dambudziko nderekuti huwandu hwebhatiri hunotarwa nekugona kweiyo yakaderera simba sero, saka iyo SOC haifanirwe kutongwa zvichibva pane terminal voltage yesero, asi pane terminal voltage yeiyo isina kusimba sero.Izvi zvese zvinonzwika zvishoma zvakanyanya kuoma.Saka sei tisingango chengetedza huwandu hwese hwemazuva ano huchipinda musero uye tichienzanisa neinoyerera ichibuda kunze?Izvi zvinozivikanwa sekuverenga coulometric uye zvinonzwika zviri nyore, asi kune matambudziko mazhinji neiyi nzira.
Mabhatirihaasi mabhatiri akakwana.Havambodzoki zvawakaisa mavari.Pane kuvuza ikozvino panguva yekuchaja, iyo inosiyana netembiricha, mutengo wechaji, mamiriro ekuchaja uye kuchembera.
Kuwanda kwebhatiri zvakare kunosiyana zvisiri-mutsara nechiyero chekubuda.Iyo inokurumidza kubuda, iyo inoderera simba.Kubva pakubuda kwe 0.5C kusvika pakubuda kwe5C, kuderedzwa kunogona kusvika pa15%.
Mabhatiri ane kudhuuka kwakanyanya kwepamusoro pane tembiricha yepamusoro.Maseru emukati mubhatiri anogona kumhanya zvakanyanya kupfuura masero ekunze, saka kubuda kwesero kuburikidza nebhatiri kuchave kusina kuenzana.
Capacity zvakare basa rekushisa.Mamwe makemikari e-lithium anokanganisa kupfuura mamwe.
Kuripira kusaenzana uku, kuenzanisa kwesero kunoshandiswa mukati mebhatiri.Iyi yekuwedzera leakage ikozvino haiyereki kunze kwebhatiri.
Kuwanda kwebhatiri kunodzikira zvishoma nezvishoma pamusoro pehupenyu hwesero uye nekufamba kwenguva.
Chero chipi nechipi chidiki chinogadziriswa muchiyero chazvino chichabatanidzwa uye nekufamba kwenguva chinogona kuva nhamba huru, ichikanganisa zvakanyanya kurongeka kweSOC.
Zvese zviri pamusoro zvinokonzeresa kukukurwa mukurongeka nekufamba kwenguva kunze kwekunge kurongeka kwaitwa, asi izvi zvinogoneka chete kana bhatiri rave kuda kubuda kana kuzara.Mumashandisirwo eHEV zvakanakisa kuchengeta bhatiri riri pakuchaja inosvika makumi mashanu muzana, saka imwe nzira inogoneka yekugadzirisa nekuvimbika kurongeka kwemamita ndeyekumbochaja bhatiri zvizere.Motokari dzemagetsi dzakachena dzinogara dzichichajwa kuti dzizere kana kupotsa dzazara, saka metering inoenderana necoulometric count inogona kunyatsojeka, kunyanya kana mamwe matambudziko ebhatiri akabhadharwa.
Kiyi yekurongeka kwakanaka mukuverenga coulometric yakanaka yekuona ikozvino pane yakakura dynamic renji.
Nzira yechinyakare yekuyera ikozvino ndeyedu shunt, asi nzira idzi dzinowira pasi kana yakakwirira (250A+) mafungu anobatanidzwa.Nekuda kwekushandiswa kwesimba, iyo shunt inoda kuve yekushomeka kushoma.Low resistance shunts haina kukodzera kuyera yakaderera (50mA) mafungu.Izvi zvinomutsa mubvunzo unonyanya kukosha: ndeapi mashoma uye epamusoro mafungu ekuyerwa?Izvi zvinonzi dynamic range.
Tichitora huwandu hwebhatiri hwe100Ahr, fungidziro yakakasharara yekanganiso inogamuchirwa yekubatanidza.
A 4 Amp kukanganisa kunoburitsa zana rezvikanganiso muzuva kana 0.4A kukanganisa kunoburitsa gumi muzana rekukanganisa pazuva.
Kukanganisa kwe4/7A kunoburitsa zana rezvikanganiso mukati mevhiki kana 60mA kukanganisa kunoburitsa gumi muzana yezvikanganiso mukati mevhiki.
Kukanganisa kwe4/28A kunoburitsa 100% kukanganisa mumwedzi kana 15mA kukanganisa kuchaburitsa 10% kukanganisa mumwedzi, inova ndiyo chiyero chakanakisa chinogona kutarisirwa pasina kudzokororwa nekuda kwekuchaja kana kupotsa kuburitswa.
Zvino ngatitarisei shunt inoyera ikozvino.Kune 250A, 1m ohm shunt ichave padivi repamusoro uye ichiburitsa 62.5W.Nekudaro, pa15mA inongoburitsa 15 microvolts, iyo inorasika muruzha rwekumashure.Iyo ine simba renji i250A/15mA = 17,000:1.Kana 14-bit A/D converter ichinyatso "kuona" chiratidzo muruzha, offset uye kukukurwa, ipapo 14-bit A/D convert inodiwa.Chikonzero chakakosha chekubvisa ndeye voltage uye pasi loop offset inogadzirwa neiyo thermocouple.
Chaizvoizvo, hapana sensor inogona kuyera ikozvino mune ino simba renji.Masensa epamusoro azvino anodiwa kuyera iwo epamusoro mafungu kubva kune yekudhonza uye yekuchaja mienzaniso, nepo yakaderera ikozvino sensors inodiwa kuyera mafungu kubva, semuenzaniso, zvishongedzo uye chero zero yazvino mamiriro.Sezvo iyo yakaderera ikozvino sensor zvakare "inoona" iyo yakakwira ikozvino, haigone kukuvadzwa kana kushatiswa neizvi, kunze kwekuzara.Izvi zvinokurumidza kuverenga iyo shunt ikozvino.
Mhinduro
Mhuri yakanyatsokodzera ma sensors akavhurika loop Hall effect yazvino masensa.Midziyo iyi haizokuvadzwa nemhepo yakakwira uye Raztec yakagadzira sensor renji iyo inogona kunyatso kuyera mafungu mumilliamp renji kuburikidza nekondukita imwechete.basa rekutamisa re100mV/AT rinoshanda, saka 15mA yazvino inoburitsa inogona kushandiswa 1.5mV.nekushandisa yakanakisa iripo yepakati zvinhu, yakaderera kwazvo remanence mune imwechete milliamp renji inogonawo kuwanikwa.Pa100mV/AT, saturation ichaitika pamusoro pe25 Amps.Iyo yakaderera programming kuwana hongu inobvumira kune yakakwira currents.
Makwiriro epamusoro anoyerwa uchishandisa akajairwa high current sensors.Kuchinja kubva kune imwe sensor kuenda kune imwe kunoda nyore kufunga.
Raztec's new range ye coreless sensors isarudzo yakanakisa yeakakwira azvino sensors.Iyi michina inopa yakanakisa mutsara, kugadzikana uye zero hysteresis.Izvo zvinogadziriswa nyore nyore kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvema mechanical configurations uye ikozvino mazamu.Midziyo iyi inoitwa inoshanda nekushandiswa kwechizvarwa chitsva chemagnetic field sensors nekuita kwakanakisa.
Ese ari maviri masensor marudzi anoramba achibatsira pakugadzirisa masaini-kune-ruzha reshiyo neiyo yakanyanya simba renji yemafungu anodiwa.
Nekudaro, kunyatsoita chokwadi kwaizove kushoma sezvo bhatiri pacharo risiri iro coulomb counter chaiyo.Kukanganisa kwe5% pakati pekuchajisa uye kubuda kunowanzoitika kumabhatiri uko kune zvimwe kusawirirana kuripo.Uine izvi mupfungwa, nzira iri nyore kushandisa bhatiri modhi inogona kushandiswa.Iyo modhi inogona kusanganisira isina-mutoro terminal voltage maringe nehukuru, yekuchaja voltage maringe nehukuru, kuburitsa uye kuchaja zvinopokana izvo zvinogona kugadziridzwa nehukuru uye kuchaja / kuburitsa.Yakakodzera akayerwa voltage nguva maconstants anofanirwa kusimbiswa kuti agadzirise kupera uye kudzoreredza voltage nguva isingachinjiki.
Mukana wakakosha wemhando yakanaka mabhatiri e-lithium ndeyekuti ivo vanorasikirwa nehukuru hushoma pamitengo yakakwira yekuburitsa.Chokwadi ichi chinorerutsa masvomhu.Ivo zvakare vane yakaderera leakage ikozvino.System leakage inogona kunge yakakwira.
Iyi tekinoroji inogonesa fungidziro yenzvimbo yechaji mukati mezvikamu zvishoma kubva muzana zveiyo chaiyo yasara chiyero mushure mekutangisa maparamita akakodzera, pasina kudiwa kwekuverenga coulomb.Bhatiri rinova coulomb counter.
Zvikanganiso zviwanikwa mukati meiyo sensor yazvino
Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, kukanganisa kwekubvisa kwakakosha kune coulometric kuverenga uye kupihwa kunofanirwa kuitwa mukati meSOC yekutarisa kuenzanisa iyo sensor yekumisikidza kusvika zero pasi pe zero yazvino mamiriro.Izvi zvinowanzogoneka chete panguva yekuisa fekitori.Nekudaro, masisitimu anogona kunge aripo anotaridza zero ikozvino uye saka anobvumira otomatiki recalibration yekubvisa.Aya ndiwo mamiriro akakodzera sezvo kukukurwa kunogona kugadziriswa.
Nehurombo, ese tekinoroji matekinoroji anoburitsa thermal offset drift, uye ma sensors azvino haana mutsauko.Isu tinogona kuona ikozvino kuti iyi imhando yakakosha.Nekushandisa zvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro uye dhizaini yakangwarira paRaztec, takagadzira huwandu hwezvinodziya zvinonzwa zvinodziya zvinonzwa zvine dhift renji ye <0.25mA/K.Kune shanduko yetembiricha ye20K, izvi zvinogona kuburitsa kukanganisa kwakanyanya kwe5mA.
Imwezve yakajairika sosi yekukanganisa mumasensa azvino anosanganisira magineti wedunhu iko kukanganisa kwehysteresis kunokonzerwa neremanent magnetism.Izvi zvinowanzosvika ku400mA, izvo zvinoita kuti masensa akadaro asakodzere kutarisa kwebhatiri.Nekusarudza yakanakisa magineti zvinhu, Raztec yakadzikisa hunhu uhwu kusvika ku20mA uye kukanganisa uku kwakadzikira nekufamba kwenguva.Kana kukanganisa kushoma kuchidikanwa, demagnetization inogoneka, asi inowedzera kuomarara.
Kanganiso kadiki ndiko kukukurwa kweiyo yekufambisa basa calibration netembiricha, asi kuma sensors akawanda maitiro aya idiki pane kukukurwa kwesero kuita netembiricha.
Nzira yakanakisa yekufungidzira kweSOC ndeye kushandisa musanganiswa wehunyanzvi senge yakagadzikana isina-mutoro voltages, maseru voltages anobhadharwa neIXR, coulometric kuverenga uye tembiricha muripo wemaparamita.Semuenzaniso, zvikanganiso zvekubatanidza kwenguva refu zvinogona kufuratirwa nekufungidzira iyo SOC yekusatakura kana kuderera-mutoro bhatiri voltages.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-09-2022