Pasinei nekuita, mutengo kana kutariswa kwekuchengetedza, mabhatiri e-solid-state anochajiswa ndiyo sarudzo yakanakisa yekutsiva simba refossil uye pakupedzisira kuona nzira yekuenda kumotokari dzemagetsi matsva.
Semuvambi wezvinhu zvecathode zvakaita seLiCoO2, LiMn2O4 uye LiFePO4, Goodenough anozivikanwa zvakanyanya mumunda welithium-ion mabhatiriuye zvechokwadi ndiye "baba ve lithium-ion mabhatiri".
Muchinyorwa chechangobva kuitika muNatureElectronics, John B. Goodenough, ane makore 96 okuberekwa, anoongorora nhoroondo yekugadzirwa kwebhatiri rechargeable lithium-ion uye inoratidza nzira.
Muma1970, dambudziko remafuta rakatanga muUnited States.Nekuona kunyanyotsamira pakutenga mafuta kubva kunze kwenyika, hurumende yakatanga nhamburiko huru yekugadzira simba rezuva nemhepo.Nekuda kwekupindirana kwesimba rezuva nemhepo,mabhatiri anogona kuchajwapakupedzisira dzaidikanwa kuchengeta aya manyuko esimba anovandudzwa uye akachena.
Kiyi yekudzoreredza kuchaja uye kuburitsa ndiko kudzoreredzwa kwemakemikari reaction!
Panguva iyoyo, mabhatiri akawanda asingadzokizve akashandisa lithium negative electrodes uye organic electrolytes.Kuti uwane mabhatiri ekuchajiswa, munhu wese akatanga kushanda pakudzoreredza emedding yelithium ions kuita layered transition metal sulfide cathodes.Stanley Whittingham weExxonMobil akawana kuti inodzokororwa kuchaja uye kuburitsa inogona kuwanikwa nekupindirana kemikari uchishandisa yakaturikidzana TiS2 seyakaita cathode zvinhu, nechigadzirwa chekuburitsa chiri LiTiS2.
Sero iri, rakagadzirwa naWhittingham muna 1976, rakakwanisa kushanda zvakanaka pakutanga.Zvisinei, mushure mekudzokorora kunoverengeka kwekuchaja uye kuburitsa, lithium dendrites yakaumbwa mukati mesero, iyo yakakura kubva kune yakaipa kusvika kune yakanaka electrode, ichigadzira pfupi pfupi inogona kupisa electrolyte.Kuedza uku, zvakare, kwakaguma nekukundikana!
Zvichakadaro, Goodenough, akatamira kuOxford, aiongorora kuti yakawanda sei lithiamu inogona kubviswa kubva kune yakaturikidzana LiCoO2 uye LiNiO2 cathode zvinhu chimiro chisati chachinja.Mukupedzisira, vakawana kudzoreredzwa de-embedding inopfuura hafu yelithium kubva kune cathode zvinhu.
Tsvakurudzo iyi yakazotungamira Akira Yoshino weAsahiKasei kugadzirira yekutangarechargeable lithium-ion bhatiri: LiCoO2 seyakanaka electrode uye graphic kabhoni seyakaipa electrode.Bhatiri iri rakashandiswa zvinobudirira mumaserura ekutanga eSony.
Kuti kuderedza mari uye kuvandudza kuchengeteka.Iro-solid rechargeable bhatiri rine yakasimba seye electrolyte inoita seyakakosha nzira yebudiriro yeramangwana.
Kare kuma1960s, vemakemikari vekuEurope vakashanda pakudzoreredzwa kunyudzwa kwelithium ions kuita layered transition metal sulfide zvinhu.Panguva iyoyo, maelectrolyte akajairika emabhatiri anochajiswa ainyanya kusimba ane acidic uye alkaline aqueous electrolytes akadai seH2SO4 kana KOH.Nekuti, mune idzi aqueous electrolytes, H+ ine yakanaka diffusivity.
Panguva iyoyo, yakanyanya kugadzikana mabhatiri echargeable akagadzirwa neakaturikidzana NiOOH sechinhu checathode uye yakasimba alkaline aqueous electrolyte se electrolyte.h+ inogona kudzoserwa mukati meiyo yakaturikidzana yeNiOOH cathode kuita Ni(OH)2.dambudziko raive rekuti aqueous electrolyte yakaganhura voltage yebhatiri, zvichikonzera kuderera kwesimba.
Muna 1967, Joseph Kummer naNeillWeber veFord Motor Company vakawana kuti Na+ ine yakanaka diffusion zvivakwa muceramic electrolytes pamusoro pe300°C.Vakabva vagadzira bhatiri reNa-S rechargeable: sodium yakanyungudutswa seye electrode isina kunaka uye sarufa yakanyungudutswa ine mabhandi ekabhoni seye electrode yakanaka.Nekuda kweizvozvo, vakagadzira bhatiri reNa-S rechargeable: sodium yakanyungudutswa seiyo negative electrode, yakanyungudutswa sarufa ine carbon band seyakanaka electrode, uye yakasimba ceramic se electrolyte.Zvakadaro, tembiricha yekushanda ye300°C yakaita kuti bhatiri iri risaite kutengeserana.
Muna 1986, Goodenough akaziva iyo-yakasimba-nyika inochajwazve lithium bhatiri isina dendrite chizvarwa vachishandisa NASICON.Parizvino, zvese-yakasimba-nyika inochajiswa lithium uye sodium mabhatiri akavakirwa pane akasimba-state electrolytes akadai seNASICON akatengeswa.
Muna 2015, MariaHelena Braga weYunivhesiti yePorto akaratidzawo insulating porous oxide solid electrolyte ine lithium uye sodium ion conductivity inofananidzwa neorganic electrolytes anoshandiswa parithium-ion mabhatiri.
Muchidimbu, zvisinei nekuita, mutengo kana kutariswa kwekuchengetedza, mabhatiri e-solid-state rechargeable ndiyo sarudzo yakanakisa yekutsiva simba refossil uye pakupedzisira kuona mugwagwa unoenda kumotokari nyowani!
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-25-2022